The europens and its Kyoto Protocol, have a challenge ahead. The EU15 can fulfill its objective of Kyoto Protocol for 2012, consisting of one reducing to the gas discharges of effect conservatory to 8 per 100 below the 1990 levels, well, just if the Member States now apply all the anticipated additional policies, according to indicates to the last report (november.2007) of the European Environment Agency.

The report has special importance given the just a short time remaining one before the “first period of commitment” of the Kyoto Protocol, which extends from 2008 to 2012.

The report displays an evaluation of the data corresponding to period 1990-2005, and evaluates the projections of the Member Stateson the future emissions, offering good indicators about the advances obtained in the accomplishment of the objectives of Kyoto Protocol.

According to the reports:

- The emissions of the EU15 were reduced between 2004 and 2005 in 0.8 per 100.
- The emissions of the EU15 reached an inferior level in 2 per 100 to the year of reference of Kyoto Protocol.

Being based on projections of the Member States, the report indicates that the existing policies and national measures going to reduce to the gas discharges of effect conservatory of the EU15 in 4,0 per 100 with respect to the year of reference. If the additional policies and national measures are considered (that is to say, those that are still predicted but not they apply), the diminution will be of another 3,9 per 100. The anticipated use of the mechanisms of Kyoto Protocol on the part of ten of the countries of the EU15 will reduce the Greenhouse Gas Emissions in 2,5 per 100 additional. The europeans Governments have reserved 2 900 million €uros to such aim.

According to the report, the market for trading carbon dioxide emissions within the Kyoto Protocol will be the main instrument, since it will allow important reductions of the emissions between 2008 and 2012. Esteem that going to obtain a reduction of at least 3,4 per 100, partly already reflected in the projections of some States members. It could represent at least 1,3 per 100 additional the reduction of 11,4 per 100 of the emissions of the year of reference in the EU15.

Interesting reports to Download …

• World Oil Outlook. OPEC
  
• MEMO.European Strategic Energy Technology.Q.-07-494
• pachauri-17-november-2007
• Greenhouse gas emission trends and projections in Europe 2007
• 2007 European Strategic Energy Technology full
• 2007 European Strategic Energy Technology summary
• 2007 European Strategic Energy Technology.capacity map
• 2007 European Strategic Energy Technology.technology map
• Annex European Strategic Energy Technology.TP-report

Reports from each country …

Estonia|Austria|Denmark|Czech Republic|Cyprus|Croatia|Belgium|Finland |
France|Germany|Hungary|Iceland|Ireland|Italy|Latvia|Libya|Liechtenstein| Lithuania|Luxembourg|Malta|Netherlands|Norway|Poland|Portugal|Romania|Slovak Republic|Slovenia|Spain|Sweden|Switzerland|Turkey|United Kingdom|

|Manuel Torres Laveaga

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The Modern biomasses, and the resulting useful forms of bioenergy produced from it, are anticipated by many advocates to provide a significant contribution to the global primary energy supply of many International Energy Agency member countries during the coming decades. For non-member countries, particularly those wishing to achieve economic growth as well as meet the goals for sustainable development, the deployment of modern bioenergy projects and the growing international trade in biomass-based energy carriers offer potential opportunities.

Biomass is fundamentally a stored source of solar energy initially collected by plants during the process of photosynthesis whereby carbon dioxide is captured and converted to plant materials mainly in the form of cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin.

However developing a bioenergy plant can be a challenging process. Securing reliable and cost effective supplies of biomass feedstocks, produced in a sustainable manner over the operating life of the plant, can prove to be difficult. There are new kin of technologies, but the most of them contining with high cost. For this reason need to have a new energy and technology policy to support the biomass but specifically the bioenergy.

The bioenergy going to be the real future for the development.

|Manuel Torres Laveaga